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Ancient Egypt > Egyptian Dynasties > Twenty-Eighth & Twenty-Ninth Dynasty of Egypt

Twenty-Eighth & Twenty-Ninth Dynasty of Egypt

image of Nepherites I
Sphinx of pharaoh Nepherites I in the Louvre museum. King Nepherites I, or Nefaarud I, founded the Twenty-ninth dynasty of Egypt by defeating Amyrtaeus in open battle, and later executing him at Memphis.

28th Dynasty of Egypt

The 28th Dynasty is often combined with other groupings of rulers of ancient Egypt under the title, Late Period. These other groupings include the 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, and 31st Dynasties.

The 28th Dynasty of Egypt had one ruler, Amyrtaeus, who was a descendant of the Saite kings of the 26th Dynasty, and led a successful revolt against the Persians on the death of Darius II. No monuments of his reign have been found, and little is known of his reign.

29th Dynasty of Egypt

The 29thth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (according to an account preserved in a papyrus in the Brooklyn Museum) by defeating Amyrtaeus in open battle, and later putting him to death at Memphis. Nepherites made his capital at Mendes. This brief dynasty is often considered part of the Late Period.

On Nepherites' death, two rival factions fought for the throne: one behind his son Muthis, and the other supporting an usurper Psammuthes; although Psammuthes was successful, he only managed to reign for a year.

Psammuthes was overthrown by Hakor, who claimed to be the grandson of Nepherites I. He successfully resisted Persian attempts to reconquer Egypt, drawing support from Athens (until the Peace of Antalcidas in 386 BC), and from the rebel king of Cyprus, Evagoras. Although his son Nepherites II became king on his death, the younger Nepherites was unable to keep hold on his inheritance.

Known rulers, in the History of Egypt, for the 28th and 29th Dynasty are as follows:

28th Dynasty
Name Dates
Amyrtaeus 404 - 398 BC


29th Dynasty
Name Dates
Nepherites I 398 - 393 BC
Psammuthes 393 BC
Hakor (Achoris) 393 - 380 BC
Nepherites II 380 BC